Behaviorist Theorists
Burrhus Frederic Skinner (B.F. Skinner) discovered operant conditioning; utilized reinforcers and punishers to modify behaviors; reinforcers increase the probability of the behavior and punishers decrease the probability of the behavior; typically used for student management.
Edward Thorndike is known for his work on the learning theory that led to the development of operant conditioning within behaviorism. Through his experiments that involved timing a cat to escape from a puzzle box using a lever, he established the “Law of Effect.” The “Law of Effect” states that any behavior that is followed by a pleasant consequence is likely to be repeated, whereas any behavior followed by an unpleasant consequence is likely to be stopped. This discovery deemed him the “Father of Modern Educational Psychology.”
John B. Watson was an American psychologist and the founder of behaviorism. During his research of behaviorism, he identified observable behavior as the proper subject matter for psychology and stated all behavior is controlled by environmental events. He conducted research on animal behavior, child rearing, and advertising. Watson laid down the initial building blocks for behaviorism, which influenced B.F Skinner’s, that major impacts on American educational systems
Ivan Pavlov was a Russian psychologist known for his work in classical conditioning in 1902. He conducted ground-breaking research which was later known as “Pavlov’s Dogs." He presented dogs with a neutral stimulus, a bell, and an unconditioned stimulus, the food, to elicit the response of salivation. In time, he conditioned the dogs to salivate with just the presentation of the bell, which brought about a conditioned response.
Resources
McLeod, S. (2007). Edward Thorndike - Law of Effect | Simply Psychology. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/edward-thorndike.html
McLeod, S. (2007). Pavlov's Dogs | Simply Psychology. Retrieved from
http://www.simplypsychology.org/pavlov.html
Plucker, J. (n.d.). John B. Watson (1878–1958) - Popularizing Behaviorism, The Little Albert Study, The "Dozen Healthy Infants", Life after the University. Retrieved from
http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2543/Watson-John-B-1878-1958.html
Edward Thorndike is known for his work on the learning theory that led to the development of operant conditioning within behaviorism. Through his experiments that involved timing a cat to escape from a puzzle box using a lever, he established the “Law of Effect.” The “Law of Effect” states that any behavior that is followed by a pleasant consequence is likely to be repeated, whereas any behavior followed by an unpleasant consequence is likely to be stopped. This discovery deemed him the “Father of Modern Educational Psychology.”
John B. Watson was an American psychologist and the founder of behaviorism. During his research of behaviorism, he identified observable behavior as the proper subject matter for psychology and stated all behavior is controlled by environmental events. He conducted research on animal behavior, child rearing, and advertising. Watson laid down the initial building blocks for behaviorism, which influenced B.F Skinner’s, that major impacts on American educational systems
Ivan Pavlov was a Russian psychologist known for his work in classical conditioning in 1902. He conducted ground-breaking research which was later known as “Pavlov’s Dogs." He presented dogs with a neutral stimulus, a bell, and an unconditioned stimulus, the food, to elicit the response of salivation. In time, he conditioned the dogs to salivate with just the presentation of the bell, which brought about a conditioned response.
Resources
McLeod, S. (2007). Edward Thorndike - Law of Effect | Simply Psychology. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/edward-thorndike.html
McLeod, S. (2007). Pavlov's Dogs | Simply Psychology. Retrieved from
http://www.simplypsychology.org/pavlov.html
Plucker, J. (n.d.). John B. Watson (1878–1958) - Popularizing Behaviorism, The Little Albert Study, The "Dozen Healthy Infants", Life after the University. Retrieved from
http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2543/Watson-John-B-1878-1958.html